1.电动调节阀执行机构的故障特征

（1）调试阶段故障

调节阀电动执行机构的故障问题比较复杂，其特征是设计、制造、安装及管理等诸多问题交织在一起，常见的故障有泄漏严重、速度难以调整稳定、脏物或油污使传动机构卡涩或动作失灵。某些组件漏装或装错弹簧、密封件，有些属于设计欠妥，元件选择不当，动作不平稳，定位精度差等，对待这类故障、应耐心细致、慎重处理，逐一排除。

（2）运行初期和中期故障

调试后进入正常生产阶段的故障特征是少数密封件由于装配质量和材料质问题短期内损坏而漏油，同时粘除在管壁、孔壁上的毛刺、粘沙、杂质和脏物脱落导致某些元件工作不稳定，通常在远行中期，系统元件/组件处于运行工作状态，故障率较低。

（3)运行后期故障

调节阀电动执行机构运行一段时间后，各类元件/组件因工作频率和负载条件的差异，各易损件先后磨损超标，这个阶段的故障特征是位置反馈接触不良，定位精度差，稳定性下降，效率显著降低，故障率逐渐增加。这是应一体检查，更换失效部作、一体修复故障 ，否则将给运行人员带来很多不便，甚至严重影响机组的正常调节和控制。

2.偶发性、突发性故障

电动调节阀这类故障在时间上表现为偶然突变，故障区域及产生原因较为明显，由非人为和人为因素造成，如位置反馈器件接触不良，刹车片磨损及“抱死”、零部件损坏、线圈烧坏、密封件失效等。

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