<p><strong>2A12<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">铝合金</span></strong></p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　标准：</span>GB/T 3191-1998</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">特性及适用范围：</span></p> <p><strong>2A12</strong><span quot;font-family: 宋体;"><strong>铝合金</strong>为一种高度度硬铝</span>,<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">可进行热处理强化</span>,<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">在退火、刚淬火和热状态下可塑性中等</span>,2A12<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">铝合鑫点焊焊接性良好，用气焊和氩弧焊时有形成晶间裂纹的倾向；</span>,2A12<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">铝合金在淬火和冷作硬化后可切削性能尚好，在退火状态时不良。抗蚀性不高</span>,<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">常采用阳较氧化处理与涂漆方法或表面加包铝层以提高抗腐蚀能力。</span></p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">化学成份：</span></p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　铝</span>Al<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：余量</span></p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　硅</span>Si<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：≤</span>0.50</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　铜</span>Cu<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：</span>3.8<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>4.9</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　镁</span>Mg<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：</span>1.2<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>1.8</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　锌</span>Zn<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：≤</span>0.30</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　锰</span>Mn<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：</span>0.30<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>0.9</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　钛</span>Ti<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：≤</span>0.15</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　镍</span>Ni<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：≤</span>0.10</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　铁</span>Fe<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：</span>0.000<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>0.500</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　铁</span>+<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">镍</span>Fe+Ni<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：</span>0.000<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>0.500</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　注：单个</span>:<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">≤</span>0.05<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">；合计</span>:<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">≤</span>0.10</p> <p><strong>2A12</strong><span quot;font-family: 宋体;"><strong>铝合金力学性能</strong>：</span></p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　抗拉强度σ</span>b (MPa)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：≥</span>390</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　条件屈服强度σ</span>0.2 (MPa)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：≥</span>255</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　伸长率δ</span>5 (<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">％</span>)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">：≥</span>12</p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　注：棒材室温纵向力学性能</span></p> <p><span quot;font-family: 宋体;">　　试样尺寸：棒材直径</span>(<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">方棒、六角棒内切圆直径</span>)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">≤</span>22</p> <p><strong>2A12</strong><span quot;font-family: 宋体;"><strong>铝合金热处理</strong>规范：</span></p> <p>1)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">均匀化退火：加热</span>480<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>495<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">℃；保温</span>12<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>14h<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">；炉冷。</span>2)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">完全退火</span>:<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">加热</span>390<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>430<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">℃；保温时间</span>30<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>120min<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">；炉冷至</span>300<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">℃，空冷。</span>3)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">快速退火：加热</span>350<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>370<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">℃；保温时间为</span>30<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>120min<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">；空冷。</span>4)<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">淬火和时效</span>:<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">淬火</span>495<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>505<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">℃</span>,<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">水冷；人工时效</span>185<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>195<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">℃</span>,6<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">～</span>12h,<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">空冷；自然时效</span>:<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">室温</span>96h<span quot;font-family: 宋体;">。</span></p>